从脾胃辨治口味异常

中医对口味异常的病因病机尚未形成统一认识，对该病的治疗亦是见仁见智。导师袁红霞教授认为，口味异常的形成是脏腑疾病反映于外的证候，善于从脾胃论治，重视调理气机升降，方药对证，效如桴鼓。本文撷取袁教授辨治口味异常验案6则供参考。     

体质指数与糖尿病交互作用对肛周脓肿术后复发的影响

目的:探讨体质指数与糖尿病交互作用对肛周脓肿术后复发的影响。方法:选取2015年1月至2016年3月贵州中医药大学第一附属医院收治的肛周脓肿住院患者790例的临床资料作为研究对象,进行回顾性分析,通过Cox比例风险模型及似然比检验分析体质量指数(BMI)和糖尿病对术后复发的交互作用。结果:合并有糖尿病的脓肿患者,每增加1个1 kg/m~2的BMI,将会增加28%的术后脓肿复发的风险(HR=1.28,95%CI 1.05,1.56,P交互=0.03)。结论:脓肿术后复发风险在患有糖尿病且BMI高的人群中较高,从而有助于早期识别高危患者,改善预后。     

乳腺癌患者不同乳房重建术后乳房感觉恢复情况研究进展

随着外科手术技术的进步、患者对生存质量要求的不断提高,乳腺癌外科治疗的目标从最初的根除肿瘤、解除病痛发展为修复局部缺损、还原乳房外形,并进一步发展至目前美学与功能学并重的乳房重建。作为功能学的重要组成部分,乳房感觉对乳腺癌患者术后生活质量的影响不容忽视。乳房重建术后乳房感觉的恢复已成为乳腺癌外科治疗的重要目标之一。本文就乳腺癌患者不同乳房重建术后乳房感觉恢复情况的研究进展作一综述。     

Screening for VACTERL Anomalies in Children with Anorectal Malformations: Outcomes of a Standardized Approach

PurposeThe majority of patients with an anorectal malformation (ARM) have associated congenital anomalies. It is well established that all patients diagnosed with an ARM should undergo systematic screening, including renal, spinal, and cardiac imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the findings and completeness of screening, following local implementation of standardized protocols.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed assessing all patients with an ARM managed at our tertiary pediatric surgical center, following a standardized protocol implementation for VACTERL screening (January 2016–December 2021). Cohort demographics, medical characteristics, and screening investigations were analyzed. Findings were compared with our previously published data (2000–2015), conducted prior to protocol implementation.ResultsOne hundred twenty-seven (64 male, 50.4%) children were eligible for inclusion. Complete screening was performed in 107/127 (84.3%) children. Of these, one or more associated anomalies were diagnosed in 85/107 (79.4%), whilst the VACTERL association was demonstrated in 57/107 (53.3%). The proportion of children that underwent complete screening increased significantly in comparison with those assessed prior to protocol implementation (RR 0.43 [CI 0.27–0.66]; p < 0.001). Children with less complex ARM types were significantly less likely to receive complete screening (p = 0.028). Neither presence of an associated anomaly, nor prevalence of the VACTERL association, differed significantly by ARM type complexity.ConclusionScreening for associated VACTERL anomalies in children with ARM was significantly improved following standardized protocol implementation. The prevalence of associated anomalies in our cohort supports the value of routine VACTERL screening in all children with ARM, regardless of malformation type.Level of EvidenceII.     

Efficacy of anorectal biofeedback in scleroderma patients with fecal incontinence: a case–control study

Objective: To determine whether anorectal biofeedback therapy can improve the symptoms of fecal incontinence (FI) in patients with scleroderma when compared to patients with functional FI, and also whether there is any effect on anorectal physiology or quality of life (QOL). FI in patients with scleroderma is highly prevalent and is associated with significant loss of QOL. Biofeedback has been proven to be an effective treatment for functional FI, but there are no data to support its use in scleroderma.

Materials and methods: 13 consecutive female patients (median age 59, IQR 47–65 years) with scleroderma, and 26 age- and parity-matched female patients with functional FI (disease controls, 2:1), underwent biofeedback therapy for management of FI. Fecal incontinence severity index (FISI), anorectal physiology, feeling of control and QOL were collected before and after 6 weeks of biofeedback therapy, with additional scoring repeated at 6-month follow-up.

Results: After biofeedback treatment FISI, feeling of control and QOL significantly improved in both groups (p?p?Conclusions: Patients with scleroderma benefit from biofeedback therapy to the same extent as that achieved in patients with functional FI. There are significant improvements in symptoms, physiology and QOL. Biofeedback is an effective, low-risk treatment option in this patient group.     

关于“得气”的古今认识和近10年研究情况的分析

ObjectiveWith the development of science of acupuncture and moxibustion, people have, in the knowledge of “deqi”, developed from subjective level to the quantitative level, and discovered many factors influencing the “deqi” of acupuncture. In this report, the relationship between “deqi” and these factors was explored in terms of different acupuncture methods and quantity and depth of stimulus.MethodsAncient literature about “deqi”, as well as related literature for clinical and basic research on “deqi” in recent 10 years were systematically collected.Results(1) Cerebral functional imaging technology and the scale of “deqi” were the most common quantitative indexes for “deqi” in recent 10 years. (2) There were many factors influencing “deqi” in acupuncture, which involved personal physiological status, nature of disease, anatomical features under the acupoint, different acupuncture methods, quantity and depth of stimulus, etc. Different acupuncture methods, quantity and depth of stimulus would bring different influences on and mechanisms of “deqi”.Conclusions(1) “Deqi” is not equal to needling sensation; (2) recessive needling sensation should be re-recognized; (3) the sensation of doctor should be paid attention; (4) The meaning of “deqi” should be re-defined and re-understood.     

Quality-specific taste impairment following the application of chlorhexidine digluconate mouthrinses

Although chlorhexidine has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis, its effects on taste sensation have not been well studied. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate taste alterations following regular applications of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinses. 24 healthy and non-smoking clinical instructors, dental assistants and dental students were divided into 3 groups after having reached a status of clinical gingival health by 4 weeks of supervised oral hygiene procedures. Following this, they were asked to abolish all mechanical oral hygiene for a period of 14 days, during which time they rinsed twice daily with different mouthrinses. Group A rinsed with a 0.2% chlorhexidine solution, group B served as control and utilized a 0.001 molar solution of quinine hydrochloride as a placebo rinse. A second control group (C) rinsed with distilled water. At days -3 and -2, as well as at days 1, 2, 13 and 14 of the experimental period, and 1 and 2 days after cessation of the rinsing, taste sensitivity was evaluated by a magnitude estimation, suprathreshold scaling procedure for the 4 taste qualities--sweet, salty, sour and bitter. 6 different concentrations of each of sucrose, sodium chloride, citric acid and quinine hydrochloride were utilized. Magnitude estimations of the perceived intensities of each series of test solutions were calculated. The analysis of co-variance revealed significant differences at the short-term and treatment-related suprathreshold scaling responses between both control groups (B, C) and the test group (A) for the sodium chloride magnitude estimation function. However, no significant inter-group differences in the magnitude estimation function were found for the remaining taste qualities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)